15 Mar Psychological Article: Types of Online Optical Illusions
Literal Online Optical Illusion: How many feet do you see>
Psychological articles tell us that Optical illusions, or misperceived sensory signals, are categorized into three main types. First are literal optical illusions which are images different from the objects which make them. Sometimes our brain focus on the figure or its background to prepare perceptions categorized as figure-ground illusions. Our mind often chooses to ignore what it wants in order to create meaning and beauty; hence it forms Typographical illusions by focusing on one detail at the expense of other.
Second are physiological illusions which are created by the effect of an excessive impression of a stimulus such as color, movement and brightness. A good example of this type is the afterimage made after the bright lights. The retina of the eye retains the strong impression of the intense stimulus long after it is gone or removed. But these images are not simply restricted to the retina’s role because there are motion aftereffects as well where people registering one direction of motion for some time may experience the illusion of opposite motion at the same time. This is usually experienced by people watching waterfalls and is therefore called waterfall illusion. It is commonly experienced by normal individuals in their day to day life and often young children are caught wondering about it.
Physiological Illusion: Square A and B are identical shades of gray.
The third type of optical illusions is the cognitive illusions in which the brain and eye make bizarre inferences. These are a result of beliefs and assumptions about one’s surroundings and the world. Cognitive illusions are an attempt by our brain to organize sensations into something more meaningful. In order to do so, the brain figures out possible and probable matches to existing conscious and sub conscious stimuli and compares to stored cognitions in order to formulate reasonable explanations of perceptions. This organization is possible when the brain sensory system perceives the stimuli as a meaningful whole, or what psychological articles refer to as a Gestalt.
Cognitive Optical Illusion
Cognitive illusions further branch out as Ambiguous illusions, which psychological articles explain are ways our brains encourage alternative interpretations of visual stimuli, while distorting illusions involves distortion of shape and size occurring because of conflicting images, Paradox illusions occur because of paradoxical cognitive impressions, and Fictional illusions are those which are perceived by only one person ad thus are usually referred to as hallucinations.
Cognitive illusions can also be based on the human ability to view 2 dimensional drawings in the depth of three dimensions. Similarly, movement illusions can occur, for instance, when we are riding a bike and things in our surroundings will appear to move, although they are stationary. This movement perception is caused by a chain of sensory illusions resulting from motion.
Another interesting fact about cognitive optical illusions is that the color and brightness constancy impacts the perception so much that it identifies the color as it is regardless of the amount of light. All these various types of illusions are experienced by adults and children in routine life and are a part of the normal human range of experience. However, psychological articles suggest that regular viewing of online optical illusions challenges and teases our brains and has a beneficial and stimulating effect!
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